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ETOXAZOLE CAS:153233-91-1 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO Etoxazole kahi acaricide organofluorine.Hoʻoulu ia i ka ʻawaʻawa i loko o nā ʻōniu spider mite (T. urticae) ʻelua (LC50 = 0.036 mg/L no ke kumu kuhikuhi London) ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka chitin synthase 1. Hoʻemi ia i ka hana acetylcholinesterase (AChE) i ka iʻa wai piha O. niloticus ma he ano hilinai nui.ʻO Etoxazole (2.2-22 mg / kg i kēlā lā i kēia lā) ke kāohi i ka hana o ka catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), a me AChE i loko o ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa o nāʻiole ma keʻano o ka hopena.Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana i loaʻa i ka etexazole no ka mālama ʻana i nā mite ma ka mahiʻai.
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Diflubenzuron CAS:35367-38-5 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO ka Diflubenzuron he insecticide o ka papa benzoylurea. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hoʻokele ulu lāʻau a me nā mea kanu e koho koho i nā pests insect, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nahele hale lole enuhe, boll weevils, gypsy moths, a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka larvicide. ʻO India no ka mālama ʻana i ka namu e nā luna olakino.Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Diflubenzuron e ka WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme.
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Cyromazine CAS:66215-27-8 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO Cyromazine kahi mea hoʻoponopono ulu lāʻau triazine hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka insecticide a me ka acarcide.He ʻano cyclopropylderivative ia o ka melamine, a no ka ʻohana o aminotriazines i hui pū ʻia me kahi hui amino i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi apo triazine.He hana koʻikoʻi kāna e kūʻē i nā larvae dipterous, a ua ʻae ʻia e FDA no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā holoholona.ʻAʻole ia he ʻano cholinesterase inhibitor, a hoʻokō ʻia ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana nūnū o ka pae larval oʻo ʻole o nā inike.
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Diazinon CAS:333-41-5 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
Loaʻa ka Diazinon ma ke ʻano o ka wai kala ʻole a ʻeleʻele paha.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka petroleum ether, ka waiʻona, a me ka benzene.Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Diazinon no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano mahiʻai a me nā pest home.Hoʻopili kēia i nā pests ma ka lepo, ma luna o nā mea kanu nani, nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, a me nā mea kanu a me nā pest home e like me nā nalo, nā ʻauʻau, a me nā moa.
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Chlorfenapyr CAS:122453-73-0 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO Chlorfenapyr kahi pesticide ākea ākea ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ka EU, a ʻae wale ʻia no nā noi liʻiliʻi ma US (nā noi no nā mea kanu mea kanu i loko o nā greenhouses).Ua hōʻole mua ʻia no ka ʻae ʻia ʻana o FDA ma muli o ka avian a me ka wai.Kakaʻikahi ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka ʻona kanaka, akā loaʻa ka ʻawaʻawa mammalian i ka wā i lawe ʻia ma ka waha, e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve i nā ʻiole a me nā ʻiole.ʻAʻole ia e hoʻomau i nā kaiaola, a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa wai.
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Diafenthiuron CAS:80060-09-9 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO ka Diafenthiuron kahi etera ʻala ʻo 1,3-diisopropyl-5-phenoxybenzene kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai ka hydrogen atom ma ke kūlana 2 e kahi hui (tert-butylcarbamothioyl) nitrilo.ʻO kahi proinsecticide mahiʻai i hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i nā mites, aphids a me nā whitefly i ka pulupulu.Loaʻa iā ia kahi hana ma ke ʻano he oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor a me ka proinsecticide.
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Bacillus thuringiensis CAS:68038-71-1 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO Bacillus thuringiensis a i ʻole Bt he ʻano ʻano koʻokoʻo maoli, hoʻokumu ʻia, aerobic, grampositive micro-organism (bacterium) i loaʻa ma ka hapa nui o nā wahi o ka honua.Hiki ke loaʻa ma ka lepo a ma nā lau/neʻi a ma nā kūlana kaiapuni maʻamau.Ke hoʻopuka ka bacteria i nā spores, hana pū ia i nā protein crystalline kūikawā.Ke ʻai ʻia, ua ʻona kēia mau polokina kūlohelohe i kekahi mau ʻiniko, akā ʻaʻole i ke kanaka, nā manu, a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
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Thiamethoxam CAS:153719-23-4 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO Thiamethoxam kahi oxadiazane ʻo ia ka tetrahydro-N-nitro-4H-1,3,5-oxadiazin-4-imine bearing (2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl) methyl a me methyl substituents ma nā kūlana 3 a me 5 pakahi.He kuleana ko ia ma ke ʻano he antifeedant, he carcinogenic agent, he contaminant environment, he xenobiotic and a neonicotinoid insectide.He oxadiazane ia, he lālā o 1,3-thiazoles, kahi hui organochlorine a me kahi derivative 2-nitroguanidine.Loaʻa ia mai kahi 2-chlorothiazole.
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Carbaryl CAS:63-25-2 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
Ua kūpono ʻo Carbaryl me nā pesticides maʻamau, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole pono e hui pū ʻia me ka lime sulfur a me nā hui Bordeaux.He mea ʻawaʻawa loa ka Carbaryl i nā ilo honua a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻenekini lepo koe wale nō i nā hihia e like me nā kīʻaha kīwī kahi hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā ilo e hōʻino ai i ka ʻili maikaʻi loa.
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Avermectin CAS:71751-41-2 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO Abamectin (Avermectin) kahi mea ʻawaʻawa aʻalolo.ʻO kāna hana ke kuhikuhi nei i ka GABAA receptor o ka insect neuron synapse a i ʻole neuromuscular synapse, ke keʻakeʻa nei i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻike o nā hopena nerve, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā aʻalolo e hoʻokuʻu i ka neurotransmitter inhibitor γ-aminobutyric acid (GA-BA), e koi ana i ka wehe ākea o ka. ʻO ke kahawai chloride-gated GABA me ka hopena hoʻonāwaliwali.
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Rotenone CAS:83-79-4 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
ʻO Rotenone ka ʻōpū a me ka lāʻau ʻawaʻawa no nā arthropods.ʻO kāna hana kīkī wikiwiki e hoʻemi ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he cofactor i nā ala biochemical like ʻole me ka pōʻai Krebs, no laila ke kāohi nei i nā enzymes respiratory mitochondrial.
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Fipronil CAS:120068-37-3 Mea Hoʻolako Mea Hana
He pauda keʻokeʻo ʻo Fipronil me kahi ʻala ʻala.He haʻahaʻa kona hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai a he ʻawaʻawa lohi.ʻAʻole pili ikaika i ka lepo, a ʻo ka hapalua o ke ola o ka fipronil-sulphone he 34 lā.ʻO Fipronil kahi lāʻau insecticide ākea o ka hui phenylpyrazole.Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Fipronil no ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā ʻanuʻu, nā pīkoi, nā ʻū, nā ʻauʻau;ka ʻaʻa, ka ʻū, ka mole, ka ʻaʻa, ka ʻaʻa, ka weevils, ka ʻauʻau holoholona, ka ʻāʻī o ke kulina, nā papa kolepa, a me ka pā kalepa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
